Inductive Logic Programming

Thisvolumecontains3invitedand24submittedpaperspresentedattheNinth InternationalWorkshoponInductiveLogicProgramming,ILP-99. The24acc- tedpaperswereselectedbytheprogramcommitteefromthe40paperssubmitted toILP-99. Eachpaperwasreviewedbythreereferees,applyinghighreviewing standards. ILP-99washeldinBled,Slovenia,24{27June1999. Itwascollocatedwith theSixteenthInternationalConferenceonMachineLearning,ICML-99,held27{ 30June1999. On27June,ILP-99andICML-99weregivenajointinvitedtalk byJ. RossQuinlanandajointpostersessionwhereallthepapersacceptedat ILP-99andICML-99werepresented. TheproceedingsofICML-99(editedby IvanBratkoandSa soD zeroski)arepublishedbyMorganKaufmann. WewishtothankalltheauthorswhosubmittedtheirpaperstoILP-99,the programcommitteemembersandotherreviewersfortheirhelpinselectinga high-qualityprogram,andtheinvitedspeakers:DaphneKoller,HeikkiMannila, andJ. RossQuinlan. ThanksareduetoTanjaUrban ci candherteamandMajda Zidanskiandherteamfortheorganizationalsupportprovided. Wewishtothank AlfredHofmannandAnnaKramerofSpringer-Verlagfortheircooperationin publishing these proceedings. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge the nancial supportprovidedbythesponsorsofILP-99. April1999 Sa soD zeroski PeterFlach ILP-99ProgramCommittee FrancescoBergadano(UniversityofTorino) HenrikBostr¨om(UniversityofStockholm) IvanBratko(UniversityofLjubljana) WilliamCohen(AT&TResearchLabs) JamesCussens(UniversityofYork) LucDeRaedt(UniversityofLeuven) Sa soD zeroski(Jo zefStefanInstitute,co-chair) PeterFlach(UniversityofBristol,co-chair) AlanFrisch(UniversityofYork) KoichiFurukawa(KeioUniversity) RoniKhardon(UniversityofEdinburgh) NadaLavra c(Jo zefStefanInstitute) JohnLloyd(AustralianNationalUniversity) StanMatwin(UniversityofOttawa) RaymondMooney(UniversityofTexas) StephenMuggleton(UniversityofYork) Shan-HweiNienhuys-Cheng(UniversityofRotterdam) DavidPage(UniversityofLouisville) BernhardPfahringer(AustrianResearchInstituteforAI) CelineRouveirol(UniversityofParis) ClaudeSammut(UniversityofNewSouthWales) MicheleSebag(EcolePolytechnique) AshwinSrinivasan(UniversityofOxford) PrasadTadepalli(OregonStateUniversity) StefanWrobel(GMDResearchCenterforInformationTechnology) OrganizationalSupport TheAlbatrossCongressTouristAgency,Bled Center for Knowledge Transfer in Information Technologies, Jo zef Stefan Institute,Ljubljana SponsorsofILP-99 ILPnet2,NetworkofExcellenceinInductiveLogicProgramming COMPULOGNet,EuropeanNetworkofExcellenceinComputationalLogic Jo zefStefanInstitute,Ljubljana LPASoftware,Inc. UniversityofBristol TableofContents I InvitedPapers ProbabilisticRelationalModels D. Koller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 InductiveDatabases(Abstract) H. Mannila. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 SomeElementsofMachineLearning(ExtendedAbstract) J. R. Quinlan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 II ContributedPapers Re nementOperatorsCanBe(Weakly)Perfect L. Badea,M. Stanciu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 CombiningDivide-and-ConquerandSeparate-and-ConquerforE cientand E ectiveRuleInduction H. Bostr¨om,L. Asker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Re ningCompleteHypothesesinILP I. Bratko. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 AcquiringGraphicDesignKnowledge withNonmonotonicInductiveLearning K. Chiba,H. Ohwada,F. Mizoguchi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 MorphosyntacticTaggingofSloveneUsingProgol J. Cussens,S. D zeroski,T. Erjavec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 ExperimentsinPredictingBiodegradability S. D zeroski,H. Blockeel,B. Kompare,S. Kramer, B. Pfahringer,W. VanLaer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 1BC:AFirst-OrderBayesianClassi er P. Flach,N. Lachiche. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 SortedDownwardRe nement:BuildingBackgroundKnowledge intoaRe nementOperatorforInductiveLogicProgramming A. M. Frisch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 AStrongCompleteSchemaforInductiveFunctionalLogicProgramming J. Hern andez-Orallo,M. J. Ram rez-Quintana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 ApplicationofDi erentLearningMethods toHungarianPart-of-SpeechTagging T. Horv ath,Z. Alexin,T. Gyim othy,S. Wrobel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 VIII TableofContents CombiningLAPISandWordNetfortheLearningofLRParserswith OptimalSemanticConstraints D. Kazakov. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 LearningWordSegmentationRulesforTagPrediction D. Kazakov,S. Manandhar,T. Erjavec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 ApproximateILPRulesbyBackpropagationNeuralNetwork: AResultonThaiCharacterRecognition B. Kijsirikul,S. Sinthupinyo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 RuleEvaluationMeasures:AUnifyingView N. Lavra c,P. Flach,B. Zupan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 ImprovingPart-of-SpeechDisambiguationRulesbyAdding LinguisticKnowledge N. Lindberg,M. Eineborg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 OnSu cientConditionsforLearnabilityofLogicProgramsfrom PositiveData E. Martin,A. Sharma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 ABoundedSearchSpaceofClausalTheories H. Midelfart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 DiscoveringNewKnowledgefromGraphData UsingInductiveLogicProgramming T. Miyahara,T. Shoudai,T. Uchida,T. Kuboyama, K. Takahashi,H. Ueda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .